This report highlights the significant role of RAN automation, SON, RIC, xApps, and rApps in driving 5G network performance, efficiency, and cost-effectiveness. It emphasizes the importance of these technologies in enabling the flexibility and agility required for 5G network deployments. The report also explores the opportunities and challenges associated with the adoption of these technologies, including the need for skilled workforce, security concerns, and interoperability issues. **Opportunities:**

* **Increased network performance:** RAN automation, SON, and RIC can significantly improve network performance by optimizing resource allocation, reducing latency, and enhancing network capacity.

These efforts include establishing regional networks of research institutions, facilitating international collaborations, and supporting the development of innovative technologies. This summary points to the global efforts to address the challenges posed by the use of AI in various sectors. Let’s delve into the details of these efforts:

**Regional Networks of Research Institutions:**

The creation of regional networks of research institutions plays a crucial role in fostering collaboration and knowledge sharing. By bringing together experts from different countries within a specific geographic region, these networks can leverage their collective knowledge and expertise to tackle complex challenges related to AI.